Abstracts
Károly Rédei
Zu den uralisch-jukagirischen Sprachkontakten
In this article the linguistic contacts between Yukagir and the Uralic languages are examined. Earlier researchers (Paasonen, Bouda, Collinder, Tailleur, etc.) attempted to classify the Yukagir language as belonging to the Uralic language family. In the first half of this paper a short review of the history of the Yukagirs is presented along with Yukagir phonology and morphology. In the author's opinion only typological correspondences can be demonstrated between Uralic and Yukagir, not, however, decisive material grammatical (morphological) correspondences. The lexical correspondences between Uralic and Yukagir point towards borrowing (Uralic languages > Yukagir). In Yukagir the following loanword strata can be distinguished: 1) North Samoyed loanwords, 2) Nenets loanwords, 3) Selkup loanwords, 4) Ugrian ~ Ob-Ugrian ~ Khanty loanwords.
Katalin Sipõcz
The semantic study of body part terminology in Uralic languages
In the first part of the paper, the author analyzes the general semantic aspects of body-part terminology. In the second part, she examines the possibilities of expressing the concept of the human body. She claims that the corpus - cadaver-type distinction is not characteristic of the Uralic languages. If this distinction is present in a related language, then it is probably the result of some late development. She concludes that the reconstructed meaning of proto-Uralic form *kalma was 'Grab' instead of 'Leiche, Grab' provided in UEW. In the third part, she discusses the names of fingers and, in connection with this, the lexical properties of lexemes referring to the limbs. She comes to the conclusion that identical semantic tendencies underlie the abundance and variety of names, and that these tendencies often show either areal or genetic connections. The examination of genetic and areal relations of the lexical structure of body-part terminology may also provide new points of view for etymological research (cf. *kalma U 'Leiche, Grab', *soja U 'Arm, Ärmel', *pälkä U 'Daumen' [UEW]).
Tapani Lehtinen
Imperfekt, Analogie und die Entstehung der Reflexivkonjugation der ostseefinnischen Sprachformen Ingermanlands
The article deals with the development of the reflexive conjugation in the Balto-Finnic vernaculars of Ingria, especially with the rise of consonant stems ending in s (e.g. 1st inf. pessiissä : 1sg pres. pessiin : 3sg past pessiis 'wash oneself'). According to the author, the consonant stems of the type pessiis- got their s from the past tense forms with the support of verbs ending in se. Accordingly, for example, the proportion 1sg past nouzin : 1st inf. noussa = 1sg past pessiizin : x gives 1st inf. pessiissä. The past tense forms seem to have a considerable effect in shaping Balto-Finnic consonant stem forms in general; several parallel developments are presented in support of this view. This effect is based on the frequency (and, accordingly, markedness) relations between the form categories: while the past tense forms are influenced by present tense forms (which usually are based on vowel stems), consonant stem forms are often influenced by the past tense forms. The author also comments on some other hypotheses that have been presented to explain the Ingrian reflexive consonant stems in s.