HomePublicationsManuscripta Castreniana Ostiak-SamoiedicaPossessive paradigms Taz

Possessive paradigms Taz

Contents

Editor’s introduction

Text in black is Castrén’s (original or translated into English, sometimes both, separated by a slash), text in grey is the editor’s.

Nominative

Fixed vowel stems

1S lok͔ám fox 407 2S lok͔ál 3S lok͔ad
1D lok͔ámi 2D lok͔áli 3D lok͔ádi
1P lok͔ámen 2P lok͔álen 3P lok͔aden

Dual possessions

1S lokáǥem 2S lok͔áǥel 3S lok͔aǥed (-t)
1D lok͔áǥemi 2D lok͔aǥeli 3D lok͔agedi
1P lok͔áǥemen 2P lok͔aǥelen 3P lok͔áǥeden

or:

1S lok͔áǥim 2S -ǥil 3S -ǥit
1D lok͔áǥimi 2D -ǥili

NB. -ǥem and -ǥim in different ‹dialects?›.

Plural possessions

1S lok͔aím 2S lok͔aíl 3S lok͔aít
1D lok͔aími 2D lok͔aíli 3D lok͔aídi
1P lok͔aímen 2P lok͔aílen 3P lok͔aíden
1S alakom, *-kum ship 410
1S aatäm reindeer 407, 410 2S aatäl 3S aatäd
1D aatämi 2D aatäli 3D aatädi
1P aatämen 2P aatälen

Dual possessions

1S aatä́ǥem, -ǥim 2S -ä́ǥel, -ǥil

Plural possessions

1S aatäi‹m› 392
1S kyläm raven 410 2S kyläl 3S kyläd

tu lake 410

1S tom 2S tol 3S tot (absolute tu)
1D tomi 2D toli

tú feather 410

1S tuum 2S tuul
1S puum tree 410 2S puul
1D puumi

(Similarly 1S poom? year, 1S kuum ear 410)

1S k͔êêm winter 410 2S k͔êêl
1S pêêm bast 410 2S pêêl 3S pêê‹d?›

lî bone 409 [In all forms to be read lê-]

1S lem 2S lel 3S let
1D lemi

kî river 409

1S kîm 2S kîl
1D kîmi 2D kîli
1S šeem tongue 410 2S šeel 3S šeed
1D šeemi

pii aspen 409

1S píim 2S píil 3S píit (cfr. pit by night)

pyy stone 410

1S pyym 2S pyyl

collective suffix -mi̮

1S kotaljmêm sacks 407 2S -ljmêl 3S -ljmêt
1D -ljmemi 2D -ljmeli 3D -ljmedi
1P -ljmêmen 2P -ljmelen 3P -ljmeden
1S kopílj mêm skins 410 2S -ljmel 3S -ljmet
1D kopiljmêmi

Schwa stems

1S sajom eye 409 2D sajol 3S sa͑it

Dual possessions

1S sajogim (-gem) 410
1S kopom skin 410 2S kopol 3S kopêd
1D kopêmi 2D kopêli 3D kopêdi
1P kopêmen 2P kopêlen 3P kopêden

Dual possessions

1S kopogém or -ím

Plural possessions

1S kopím 2S kopíl 3S kopid

tob(a) foot 173

1S topom 410, tobop 173 2S topol 3S toped

Dual possessions

1S topogim (-gem)

Dual possessions

1S utógem hand
1S tiibom peg 410 2S tiibol

ês father E469

1S äsäm 2S äsäl 3S êsed
1D êsemi 2D eseli 3D esedi
1P êsemen 2P êselen 3P êseden

Plural possessions

1S esín

êm mother E469

1S ämäm 2S ämäl 3S emed
1D ememi 2D emeli

Consonant stems

1S kanangm dog 411 2S kanagl 3S kanakt
1D kanangmi 2D kanagli

Dual possessions

1S kanak͔em 2S -k͔ím

Plural possessions

1S kanaím

njäänj bread 409

1S njäänjm 2S njäällj 3S njääntj, njäänč
1D njäänjmi 2D njäällji 3D njääntji
1P njäänjmen 2P njääljen 3P njääntjen

Dual possessions

1S njäänjeǥem 2S -eǥel 3S -eǥet
2D -ǥemi

Plural possessions

1S njäänjim 2S njäänjíl 3S njäänjíd
1S aak͔aljm bridle 411 2S aak͔allje 3D ak͔al(dš)
1D aak͔aljmi

Plural possessions

1S ak͔aljim 2S -ljil
1S kîl [sic] pit 411 2S kîll 3S kîl(dš)

Genitive

Fixed vowel stems

1S lok͔an fox 407 2S lok͔and 3S lok͔and
1D lok͔áni
1P lok͔anet (-n)

Dual possessions

1S lok͔áǥen 2S lok͔áǥend 3S -áǥend
1D -ǥeni 2D -áǥendi 3D -áǥendi
1P -ǥenet (-n) 2P -ǥenden (-t) 3P [-ǥenden (-t)]

Plural possessions

1S lok͔ain 2S lok͔aínd or -itta
1D lok͔aíni 2D lok͔aindi or -itti
1P lokaínen 2P lokaindet (-n) or -itten
1S aatän reindeer 407 2S aatänd
2D aatä́ndi
2P aatänden

NB. [In 1S] n is without alternation: aatän kop skin of my reindeer (cfr. absolute atät kop reindeer’s skin).

Plural possessions

1S aatäín 2S aatäínd or -itta 3S [aatäínd or -itta]

collective suffix -mi̮

1S nopiljmen glove 410 2S -ljmênd

Schwa stems

1S lapom [sic] oar 410 2S lapond 3S lapend
1S kopom [sic] skin 410 2S kopond 3S kobend
1D kopeni 2D kopendi 3D — [= 2D]
1P kopenen 2P kopenden 3P [= 2P]
1S nopon glove 410

Dual possessions

1S nopoǥen 410

Plural possessions

1S nopín
1S tibon peg 410 2S tibond
1D tiibeni

1S forms: uton hand, yynón strap, ykón hat 410

Consonant stems

1S kanangn dog 411 2S kanakt
1D -ngni 2D kanakti
1S njäänje (-nnje?) bread 409 2S njäändš 3S [= 2S]
1D njäännji 2D njäändši
1P njäänjet (-n) 2P njäändšen
1S ak͔aljn bridle 411 2S ak͔aldš
1S kîln pit 411 2S kildš

Accusative

1S nopom glove 411 2S nopomd 3S nopemd
1D nopemi 2D nopemdi 3D — [= 2D]
1P nopemen 2P nopemden 3P — [= 2P]

Dual possessions

1S nopogem 2S nopogemd 3S — [= 2S]
1D -gemi 2S -gemdi

Plural possessions

1S nopím 2S nopímd 3S -pimd

Local cases

1S lok͔áǥa [sic], NB. lok͔áǥ [sic] or lokáǥak (-ng) 2S lok͔áǥand [3S empty = 2S]
1D lok͔áǥani 407 2D lok͔áǥandi [3D empty = 2D]
1P lok͔áǥenen 2P lok͔aǥanden [3P empty = 2P]
1S NB. tibenjáǥ [sic] brother 407
1S alakoǥa [sic] (-ǥak, -ǥang) ship 408 2S -koǥand
1S aatä́ǥa [sic] (-ǥak or -ǥan‹d›), NB atä́ǥ [sic] or -ǥak (-ǥang) 407 2S aatäǥand

[mi̮ thing 433]

1S man‿mak͔ang [by me etc.] 433 2S tan‿mak͔and 3S (absolute teben‿maǥan)
1D me‿mak͔ani 2D te‿mak͔andi
1P me‿mak͔anet (-n) 2P te‿mak͔anden
1S nopoǥak͔ glove 411 2S -ǥand
1D -ǥani

(Dual possessions as singular)

[As possessive forms for dative from njäänj ‘bread’ are given possessive genitive + postposition intə:] 1S njäänj‿índ, 2S njändš‿ind, 3S njäändš‿ind (= absolute njäänj‿ind [/ńāńən intə/]), 1D njäänj‿ini [sic, the postposition is falsely given genitive possessive ending], 2D njändšindi [sic] 409

Prosecutive

1S wattómeak͔ (-ng) or -meng? road 409 2S wattomend 3S [empty = 2S]
1D wattómeni 2D -mendi

Dual possessions through šite and wattómet. Plural through mundeng ‘all’.

Comitative

1S imanese woman 409 2S imandese
1D imanise 2D imandise
1P imanesʃe 2P -desse

Dual possessions

1S aatäǥénese reindeer 408 2D aatäǥendese, -getse
1D -génise 2D -gendisi, -gettisi
1P -génese (-esse) 2P -gettese (-sse) (-nd-)

Plural possessions

1S aatäínese 2S -indese (-it-)
1D -ínise
1P -inesse 2P -ítesse

Allative

Plural possessions

1S lok͔aínkiini fox 408 2S lok͔aindakiini
1D lok͔aínikiini 2D lok͔aíndik. etc.

Plural possessions

1S aatäinkini reindeer403 2S aataitkini 403 3S *atäitkini 403
1D aatäinikini 403
3P aatädetkini403

Elative

1S alakuonnána ship 408 2S alakuondanána (NB. Both *u and o)
1D alakuoninána 2D alakondinána
1P alakoneennána (alakonnána) 2P alakondennána
1S tibenjana͑naana or tibenjannaan brother 408 2S tibenjanda͑naan 3S [empty = 2S]
1D tibenjaaninaan 2D -njaandinaana 3D [empty = 2D]
1P tibenjáneennan 2P tibenjandennan

Dual possessions

1S tibenjáǥeneanán 2S tibenjáǥendanán 3S [empty = 2S]
1D tibenjaǥeninaan 2D tibenjáǥendinaan
1P -ǥennennan

NB. Usually expressed with šite and singular forms.

Plural possessions

1S tibenjaínnán 2S tibenjaíndanaan, -ittanaan 3S — [= 2S]
1D tibenjaíninaan 2D tibenjándinaan, -íttinaan etc.
1S nopannan glove 411 2S nopandannan