Home > Publications > Manuscripta Castreniana Ostiak-Samoiedica > Case Paradigms Baiha
Case Paradigms Baiha
Contents
Editor’s introduction
Text in black is Castrén’s (original or translated into English, sometimes both, separated by a slash), text in grey is the editor’s.
Fixed vowel stems
|
|
|
Dual
|
|
Plural
|
| N |
lok͔a fox 363 |
N |
lokaǥ 364, lok͔áǥ 369 |
N |
1. logát (-n), 2. logat 364 |
| G |
lok͔án, lók͔an-ol |
G |
lokaǥan |
G |
1. logáden (-t), logádetn, 2. logaden (-detn) |
| All. |
lok͔ánэ |
All. |
lokak͔iing |
All. |
logatkii(ng) (or collective loganén) |
| A = N |
lok͔a |
|
|
A |
1. logatnán, 2. loǥatnan (-detnán, -tnnán) |
| El. |
lok͔annán(a) |
El. |
lokaǥannan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
P |
logatmen |
| C |
lok͔asé (-seä) |
|
|
C |
logatse (-sseä) |
| N |
koča sack 363 |
| D |
kočandšэ |
| Abl.-Loc. |
kočágan |
|
|
|
Plural
|
| N |
kúlä 365 |
N |
kulät |
| G |
kúlän |
G |
kuläden |
| All. |
kulä́ne |
All. collective |
kulänén’e |
| El. |
kulänán |
|
|
| C |
kuläsé |
|
|
|
|
|
Plural
|
| N |
ná it 372 |
N |
năt |
| G |
nán |
G |
nadetn (nadetn) |
| All. |
naanneng |
|
|
| N |
tu lake 366 |
| G |
ton |
| D |
tond |
| Abl. |
tógan |
| N |
tú feather 366 |
| G |
tuut par |
| D |
tuund |
| Abl. |
tuugan |
| N |
pú tree 366 |
| G |
puut, puun úg |
| D |
puund |
| Abl. |
puugan |
|
|
|
Plural
|
| N |
lî́ bone 365 |
N |
let |
| G |
len |
|
|
| D |
lend |
|
|
| Abl. |
leak͔an (-ǥan) |
|
|
| N |
ii son 365 |
| G |
iin ima |
| All. |
iin’э |
[īŋa ‘son’:]
| G |
iingán ima |
| All. |
iingán’э |
| El. |
ingàn |
NB. ingan ima ablative [Castrén believes the form to be ablative of ī], note the long and short vowel.
| N |
pyy stone 366 |
| G |
pyyn |
| D |
pynd |
| Abl. |
pýuǥan |
| El. |
pynnan |
| N |
tyy fire 366 |
| D |
tyynd |
| Ab. |
týugan |
| N |
tjyy belt 366 |
| G |
tjyyn |
| El. |
tjyynnán |
| Abl. |
tjýugán [sic] |
366 NB. In this dialects the vowel in monosyllabic words likes to be long, o becomes ‹ú?›, ö becomes ý, the declension is regular. y in ablative becomes ýu before -gan, but not before -nán.
Schwa stems
|
|
|
Dual
|
|
Plural
|
| N |
utэ hand 366 |
N |
*utóǥ (Px1S utóǥem, Px3S -get) 369 |
N |
utet (-n) 366 |
| G |
uten = utn |
|
|
G |
údedet paaret |
| D |
utond |
|
|
|
|
| Abl. |
utógan |
|
|
|
|
| El. |
utonnán |
|
|
|
|
| P |
utómet |
|
|
|
|
| C |
uteséä |
|
|
C |
utteseä? |
| N |
ol‹ĕ?› head 367 |
| G |
olen or olon |
| D |
olond |
| Abl. |
ológan |
| El. |
olennan |
| N |
tĭmэ tooth 365 |
| G |
tĭmet-paar (= [genitive 1S] timon uug, NB. timon before following uu-) |
| D |
timond |
| Abl. |
timóǥan |
| El. |
(1S timonnán [from my tooth]) |
| N |
tyyme larch 365 |
| G |
tyymen |
| D |
tyymond |
| Abl. |
tyymógan |
|
|
|
Dual
|
|
Plural
|
| N |
saj or saje eye 365, sai 369 |
|
sajoǥ (Px1S -joǥem, Px3S -ǥet) 369 |
N |
sajit 365 |
| G |
sajon [rather genitive 1S] 365 |
|
|
|
|
| D |
sajond |
|
|
|
|
| Abl. |
sajogan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dual
|
| N |
yynэ, yyn’e, ýn strap 367 |
N |
ynóǥ 369 |
| G |
yynon or yynen |
G |
ynógen |
| D |
yynond |
D |
([local 3S] ynóǥand (singular), NB. The declension is confused with the singular) |
| Abl. |
yynógan |
|
|
| N |
tjynd häst 367 |
| G |
tjynden |
| D |
tjynnond |
| El. |
tjyndennán |
NB. The weak consonant [ɔ: vowel] is here equal to the hard. [Castrén means that both back and front vowelic words take o as shift vowel] 367
| N |
k͔orǥa (-o) 367 |
| G |
korgon ol |
| D |
korǥond |
| El. |
korǥannán |
367 After ǥ alternates a and o in unaccented syllables, the first is used for all vowels except for o and u, that demand o preceding.
| N |
porg’a 367 |
| G |
porgat paar |
| N |
kî́l breast 367 |
| D |
kîlond |
| Abl. |
kîlógan |
| N |
î́l bottom 367 |
| D |
î́lond |
| Loc-Abl. |
îlógan (-t) [the latter only locative] |
| N |
sîîr cow 367 |
| D |
sîîrond |
| Abl. |
sîîróǥan |
[partly preserved i-stem]
| N |
k͔ai what 372 |
| A |
k͔ajep SQNK |
| D |
k͔aind’a 388 |
| Loc.-Abl. |
kaiǥan |
Consonant stems
|
|
|
Dual (irregular)
|
|
Plural
|
| N |
tep he 372, Wb315 |
N |
tebeäǥ’a 372 |
N |
tébet 372 |
| G |
tében 372 |
G |
tebeäǥan |
G |
tebeden (-tn) |
| A |
tebem |
|
|
A |
(nominative tebedet) |
| C |
tebsé |
C |
tebeäǥase |
C |
tebedeseä |
| All. |
teben |
All. |
tebeäk͔iing (-k͔- underscored) |
All. |
tebetkii(ng) or tebenén’э |
| El. |
tebennán |
|
|
El. |
tebetnán (-detnaan) |
|
|
|
Dual
|
| N |
maat house 369 |
N |
maatk͔ai (Px1S maatk͔aim) |
| G |
maaden |
|
|
| D |
mattэ 369, maatta 388 |
|
|
| Abl. |
maatkan 369, maatk͔an 388 |
|
|
| P |
maanmet 369 |
|
|
| C |
maasse, -sʃe |
|
|
| N |
tööt otter 369 |
| G |
tööden |
| All. |
töödén |
| El. |
töödennán |
All these have long vowel and t, sounds almost like tn. Those with preceding short vowel take n instead of t: jilepsan etc.
| N |
šeak͔ salt 368 |
| G |
šeaǥan |
| D |
šeak͔t |
| Abl. |
šeak͔k͔an |
| N |
nop God 369 |
| G |
nuun |
| All. |
nuun |
| El. |
nuunnán |
| C |
nopseä |
|
|
|
Plural
|
| N |
kup (-pm) person 369 |
N |
kumet |
| G |
kŭmen |
|
|
| All. |
kuméneng? |
|
|
| El. |
kumennán |
|
|
| C |
kupseä |
|
|
| N |
kêm blood 369 |
| G |
kêmen |
| D |
kêmd |
| Abl. |
kêmgan |
| N |
liem soup 369 |
| G |
liemen |
| D |
liemd’э |
| Abl. |
liemgan |
| N |
orm strength 369 |
| G |
ormn |
| N |
čän sinew 367 |
| D |
čändš |
| Abl. |
čängan |
|
|
|
Plural
|
| N |
kanáng dog 368 |
N |
kanat |
| G |
kanán |
|
|
| All. |
kanánэ |
|
|
| El. |
kanannán |
|
|
| C |
kanakʃé |
|
|
| N |
tynjáng sleeve 368 |
| G |
tynján |
| D |
tynják͔t or -ngd |
| Abl. |
tynják͔k͔an’э |
| N |
soláng spoon 368 |
| D |
solakt (-k͔-?) |
| Abl. |
solák͔k͔an |
| N |
aang mouth 368 |
| D |
aakt (-k͔-?) |
| Abl. |
ak͔k͔an (-k͔-?) |
| N |
k͔uuk (-kng) chief 368 |
| G |
kuun or kuuen |
| All. |
kuun or kuuen |
| El. |
kuunnan or kuuennán |
| N |
kyyk black grouse 368 |
| G |
kyyn (kyy’yn) |
| N |
tî̆́têng, tî̆́tэng кедр 368 |
| G |
tî̆́tîn |
By nouns on -ng (-k) dative seems to end on -kt, ablative on -k͔k͔an. The nouns tîtêng, aabêk, tî́rep etc. get in genitive -î́- [deleted: as it seems with accent]. NB. -ê- in genitive becomes -î́-.
| N |
suolj throat 365 |
| G |
suoljn |
| D |
[false:] suoljnd or -ljind (?) |
| Abl. |
suoljgan or -ljegan |
|
|
|
Plural
|
| N |
njänj bread 365 |
N |
njäänjit |
| G |
njäänjen |
|
|
| D |
[false:] njäänjĭndэ (NB. i after j instead of e) |
|
|
| Abl. |
[false:] njä́änjeǥan’э NB. |
|
|
| N |
peptelj chin 365 |
| G |
-teljn |
| D |
-teldj |
| Abl. |
-ljgan |
| El. |
-teljnán |
368 NB. The words on j take the connecting vowel o and e, that in this dialect in the last syllable becomes i; those on lj take either no connecting vowel or an e, in dative -ldj (Karasina -ltje).
Nouns on -lj take in dative -dj, e.g. kueldj i fjärden, pepteldj.
| N |
tar hair 367 |
| D |
tart |
| Abl. |
tárgan |
| N |
kî̆l pit 367 |
| D |
kî̆ldš |
| Abl. |
kî̆́lǥan |
367 NB. Those with short connecting vowel skip the connecting vowel and take in dative after l and n the consonant dš, after r however t, e.g. kîl: D kîldš: Abl. kilgan, čen: D čendš: Abl. čengan, tar: D tart: Abl. targan, tjesen: D tjesendš: Abl. -ngan.
The same concerns s, š what is said about r, e.g.
| N |
tjuoš tallow 368 |
| D |
tjuošt |
| Abl. |
tjuošk͔an |
